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Nawal El Saadawi Text Types

Text 1: Nawal El Saadawi: Feminist firebrand who dared to write dangerously

Text 2: Nawal El Saadawi: Egypt’s grand novelist, physician and global activist

Text 3: An Interview With Nawal El Saadawi

Text 4: Why did Nawal El-Saadawi cause all this controversy?

  1. What is the text type? How do you know?
Text 1Possibly an Obituary. It focuses on her as a person and her life, it causes a somewhat emotional response as you see all the things she went through and all the things she has fought for
Text 2Feature article. Focuses on her, her life and her achievements and includes other formal and stylistic features of a feature article
Text 3Interview. Question and response format.
Text 4Possibly a feature article but more opinionated. Focuses on her life and things she has done but in a more negative light so it’s like it is masquerading as a feature article but instead being judgmental. Possibly an opinion piece?
  1. What is the purpose of the text type?

For the feature article, it’s to show her as the focus and let the audience learn about her, her life and accomplishments. This is similar to the obituary as it is a short biography almost. For the interview, it’s more to do with her answering questions but still with the intent of informing the audience. The last article is more judging what she did and is trying to say why she did what she did.

  1. What is the target audience? What makes you say so?

The target audience could be for any regular browser of the specific websites the articles are on, however, since she has died and most of the articles discussed that, it could be targeted towards those who knew about her or want to find out more about her in general.

  1. Which text type do you enjoy reading most? Why?

Either text 1 or 2. They tell the story of her life and her accomplishments in a positive way and it shows almost respect for what she has done.

  1. Which text type do you enjoy reading least? Why?

Text 4. It seems more judgmental and focused on all the negative perspectives of her work and the controversy surrounding it, rather than her as a person and the things she stood up for. The title also makes it seem like it was her fault for causing the controversy rather than how there were important issues in the world. Since this was written from Egypt, I can see why they might have a more negative view as that is where a lot of the controversy came from. Also they felt the need to say “who married and divorced three times” for some reason.

  1. Similarities and differences of these text types 

Text 1 and 2 both focused on her life and accomplishments, text 4 also talked about her life but not in a positive way like 1 and 2. Text 4 was based around a response to a question which was the headline and text 3 was based around her responses to multiple questions.

Final Thoughts and Review of Balsac and the Little Chinese Seamstress

My Review of the Book

I liked the ending of the book. When I first started reading I thought it would just be about a romance and the boys growing up in the Chinese Cultural Revolution but I liked how the ending focused more on the Little Chinese Seamstress. It ended by her kind of rejecting the boy’s view of her, as they wanted to make her more like the one- dimensional woman they had read about, and her understanding more about herself due to the literature. This allowed her to understand her own power and leave the mountain.

Questions and Responses

When the narrator first reads Ursule Mirouet, even though he’s heard “nothing but revolutionary blather about patriotism, Communism, ideology and propaganda all his life,” he is transformed by Balzac’s story of “awakening desire, passion, impulsive action…in spite of my complete ignorance of that distant land called France…Ursule’s story rang true as if it had been about my neighbours” (p 57). 

  1. What is it that enables him to identify so strongly with characters and situations he has never experienced? 

He can see similarities between what he is experiencing in China.

  1. What does this suggest about the power of literature?

It suggests that people can find things to relate to through stories and things can be communicated clearly through literature.

  1. In what ways does Balzac and the Little Chinese Seamstress exert a similar power?

The book shows this perspective of an important time in China’s history and it works as a way to educate people on it and show what it was possibly like.

  1. What does Balzac and the Little Chinese Seamstress reveal about the nature and purpose of China’s Cultural Revolution and the suffering it caused? 

It communicates about the reasons for the revolution and you get a perspective of multiple people experiencing the changes and restrictions which helps to give an insight of what it was like.

  1. In this novel, what is reeducation? Who is truly being reeducated? Luo, Little Chinese Seamstress, the narrator? Why?

Reeducation was a way to change the ideologies and control the education to fit with what Chairman Mao wanted. It was the narrator and Luo who went for reeducation but I think it’s more of the Little Chinese Seamstress being reeducated. She was the one who grew from the experience of the boys being there rather than the other way around and through their influence she understood more about herself and her worth. 

  1. In Luo’s section, he mentions that there are things that just cannot be taught such as dancing, diving and writing poetry. What does this imply about re-education?

It controls the creative and free knowledge and skills which is a way to control freedom and freedom of expression through these creative mediums.

  1. What does the final line of the book “a woman’s beauty is a treasure beyond price” mean? 

It shows how the Little Seamstress has changed and understanding that her beauty is power and that power allows her to rebel against the society 

  1. How is the little seamstress planning to use her beauty? 

She used it, inspired by the literature, in order to leave the mountain and escape.

  1. How does this ending complicate the novel’s apparent endorsement of cosmopolitan western culture and literature over rural Chinese culture?

I think it still shows how it is favoring western culture and literature as the literature caused the character development and plot that occurred in the book but  I think that since it didn’t cause for the Little Seamstress to become like the women in the books but instead be her own version and still link with the Chinese culture, it changes the intention of the book.

Balsac the Little Chinese Seamstress Beginning Tasks

Notes on Video

  1. Connect: How is the information presented in the video connected to what you have already read in Balzac and the Little Chinese Seamstress. 
  2. Extend: What new ideas did you get that pushed your thinking on the Cultural Revolution in new directions? 
  3. Challenge: What question and wonderings do you now have about the Cultural Revolution?
  • A lot of things took away from people, banned
  • Anything capitalism related or Christian was removed
  • The Red Guards were in control of it all
  • Everything was made to promote Maoism
  • Destroying past and heritage
    • In the book, songs were not liked due to the westernisation
    • The Mozart sedition, they changed the song name to make it less western so that they could play it
    • Education was took away to avoid the different industries growing that Man didn’t want
      • Education made people more aware
      • Jobs need education which links with capitalism

Perspective Creative Writing Task

‘Young intellectuals.’ That’s funny. It’s not like we actually got the chance to be intellectuals yet; we only finished the part of middle school. How does it make sense to send us away from a place that would make us intellectuals to a place where we have to just work all day. Definitely don’t let us learn maths but make us stay in a field, because that will make us smart.

I guess it’s better I have a friend with me even though he’s a bit slow. I’m not sure that he’s like his parents, the doctors, but they did cause us to be brought to this re-education place so maybe that’s a good thing he doesn’t take after them; then we would be in more trouble. I don’t know what to think about mine. My dad, he got into some trouble as well so maybe I shouldn’t want to be like my Dad either too. 

He was also sad about it. I probably shouldn’t have punched him. We don’t fight a lot, or at all really. I don’t know why I punched him. I shouldn’t have taken my anger out on him, it was my idea. I wanted to go to the hospital, he was just being a good friend. I was just ashamed.

The Awakening Conclusion

In my opinion I didn’t like the ending. I don’t think it was either option with some critics viewing her suicide as a failure to escape from conventions of society or that it was a final awakening, ‘a decision to give herself to the sea in a show of strength and independence that defies social expectation’. At the beginning of the book it is saying that she doesn’t like having to follow the norms of the society at the time, with women being mothers and housewives. The book says that even the husband didn’t like how his wife acted, not like she was meant to as she “evinced so little interest in things which concerned him” (8) and that she had a “habitual neglect of the children” (8). He questioned as to “if it was not a mother’s place to look after children, whose on earth was it?” (8) as she wasn’t doing her ‘duty’ as required by the time period. Then she had an awakening “she could not have told why she was crying… an indescribable oppression, which seemed to generate in some unfamiliar part of her consciousness, filled her whole being with vague anguish” (10) which made her realise this is not what she wanted for herself. 

Then under the guise of self discovery, she started to have feelings towards another man, Robert, then the feeling of lust for another and then she gained more independence when she moved out of her house and lived by herself. When Robert returned, they got together. Then when Robert was asleep when she returned, rather than what she expected, which was apparently to stay up and wait for her, she went to the beach and killed herself. 

The opposing views on this is that it was a failure to escape the societal norms or as a final awakening. In my opinion it was neither. She started by not wanting to play the typical role of a woman in that time period, and she didn’t want to be reliable on the men, so she broke away from that and was more ‘free’ but then she instantly got tied down to 2 men and ‘in love’ with one. Then she killed herself because of the men showing how she still relies on the men in her life to care for her and show her attention. There is no independence in that at all. She is a weak character that needs to rely on others, which is an example of part of how women were meant to be like in society.

Obviously, I am looking at this book from a more modern perspective as maybe during the time this was written it was a great example of feminism but to me if this book is meant to be a feminist novel, the only feminist ideal it shows is that women want to be independent, not that they can successfully be independent- with the exception of Mademoiselle Reiz, who I think is the only strong example of an ‘independent’ women of that time period. The book could easily be labeled as a romance and make more sense. It feels as if the only way the author can think to be feminist is separation from the husband as a first act of independence, an affair and including more men into the story. Obviously, this was written a while ago and the views were different but surely they realise that independence does not mean an affair and a divorce- but not really. In order to make it more feminist, the character of Edna can changed completely and Robert and the other man can be taken out of the book, in order to be more successful.

The Awakening Reading Tasks

Task 1: In Chapter 20, Victor remarked that Edna, in “some way she doesn’t seem like the same woman.” Find two images online to show what you think Edna looks like at the beginning of the book and at this point of the novel. Feel free to include relevant quotes to show changes in her character.

In Chapter 19, it says that “she began to do as she liked and to feel as she liked… She made no ineffectual efforts to conduct her housend en bonne menagere, going and coming as it suited her fancy…” (89) which was different to how she was before as she would act as a typical housewife even though she didn’t like it, hence why she was said to “not [be] a mother-woman” (12) and her husband “thought it was very discouraging that his wife… evinced so little interest in things which concerned him” (8). From the beginning of the book she was just acting as best as she could as the wife she was meant to be, but there are statements which show that she wasn’t the best at it, as quoted above. Once she has a breakdown and realises a few things about herself she is more free like what was said on page 89, which is the reason why Victor said that “she doesn’t seem like the same women” (96).

Task 2: In Chapter 21, we see a description of the apartment of Mademoiselle Reisz. Find an image online that you think best represents her apartment. Discuss how this apartment is symbolic of another type of life, a different type of life that Edna might be yearning for. [around 200 words]

An idea of her house
An idea of her house

I don’t think there is a clear picture of her apartment as it seems to be a type of place that is individual to the person, and in the apartment it’s not perfectly designed and everything is not matched. It still seems like a nice place and looking nice but more personal with well worn items like the “rare old buffet, dingy and battered from a hundred years of use” (97), and items that the woman might have found and picked up without too much care about what it would look like amongst the place. I feel like she cares more for the significance of items rather than materialistic and having a perfectly designed place with everything in pristine condition. I feel like Edna might like that idea as she hasn’t got the freedom to do so, and in a way the apartment represents the freedom she is lacking, so she might wish she had that type of life that Mademoiselle Reisz has. 

Task 3: Imagine you are Robert; write the letter that we read about in Chapter 21, the letter that was written to Mademoiselle, the letter that made Edna cry uncontrollably. [around 300 words]

Dear Mademoiselle Reisz,

I am enjoying my stay in Mexico. It was the right decision to leave, Mrs. Pontellier was in my thoughts too often for a friendship and I feel I could not have stayed a moment longer, for fear of doing something I know I should not. Have you see Mrs. Pontellier? How is she looking? Do write back and tell me though, I suppose your words will be a poor replacement for her true self, I hope it will bring me comfort. 

She asked me to write to her but everytime I pick up my pen, I lose control of my hand and end up writing something she should not know. The embodiment of the yearning I feel. Something I should not say. I almost did, during our last conversation, but I stopped myself. I will come to regret that, I feel, maybe I should have said something before I left. Though it is probably best I didn’t, it would have soured the already bittersweet parting. I kept away from her the day I left. Kept silent and kept mystery about myself, as Mrs. Pontellier once said that day. I hoped it would ease the sorrow I felt. I never spoke to her much, except for goodbye. Such a painful word, in my experience.

Maybe once you receive this letter, you could show her? Then again, perhaps not, I know nothing of her feelings. Maybe if I return, things could be different. Anyhow, if Mrs. Pointellier should call upon you, play for her that Impromptu of Chopin’s, my favourite. I heard it here a day or two ago, but not as you play it. I would like to know how it affects her. I have a feeling she will appreciate the freedom of the piece.

Give Mrs. Pontellier my best, should you see her. Hopefully my next letter to you will be one of more positive contents, when my head has been cleared of my thoughts of her. Though don’t get your hopes up. I feel as if that is an impossible task.

Kindest Regards,

Robert Lebrun

Summary of ‘The Story of the Hour’ by Kate Chopin

Prediction before I read the story

It might be something quick and unexpected because of the time in the title, it might be something important because ‘story of an hour’ can be a phrase people use to say something is important like ‘man of the hour’

Summary

A woman finds out her husband dies. She weeps and spend her time alone but something comes to her, like a thought or realisation. She realises how better she feels, how she is free now. When she leaves the room, now she has come to the positive realisation, the door to her house opens and there is her husband; alive. When she sees him, she dies of a heart condition as she was happy before when she thought he was dead.

Predication after I read the story

I think I was kind of right how it was something like ‘man of the hour’ because in a way the husband who died was the man of the hour and that means he was important at that time which he was, as she was happy he died. Also it was something quick as it went from something amazing to something bad quickly and it was unexpected that he came back. Also if you call something the story of the hour, it would usually mean that it something amazing and positive which this story was to her, until her husband came back.

IO Final

My final IO was between the THT section in the Jezebels club and a political cartoon called Rule of Law. I actually first came up with this connection when first coming up with IO ideas in Y12 (DP Year 1) and I first wrote it out in the second paragraph of a post on my learner portfolio titled ‘IO Preparation’, published on December 21, 2019. They connected with higher-ranking men worsening the oppression of women.

Excerpt from Learner Portfolio post titled ‘IO Preparation’, published on December 21, 2019

I think it went well. My memorisation and practice enabled me to learn what I said really well to help the fluidity of my IO, I used the same technique as I did in my practice as I found that worked well, except this time I memorised more as I had more time to work on it. When I was speaking I was confident in what I was saying, and I did end up saying more analysis than I planned as I recently had discovered more things to analyse. I think I did a better job analysing my non-literary extract but I hope that my literary extract was still analysed well enough. I feel like I improved from my practice as my connections and global issue was much stronger so I hope it paid off but I am glad it’s over and now all I need to focus on in English is Paper 1, due to COVID.

IO Practice

On Tuesday 15th, I did my practice IO presentation. It compared the section from TILOHL about Henrietta’s procedure with an article from IFLScience about drug use on rats. I connected this through the ethics and consent in scientific procedures. To practice what I was going to say, I memorised the introduction paragraphs for each text as that had necessary information in it that I needed to say, and then with the analysis sections it was easy to do as my 10 points included the examples and why I used them. I found it a lot easier to learn what I was going to say for the analysis sections as I could easily analyse the examples I had and for the memorised paragraphs I just practiced them over and over again.

After doing my IO, I got feedback. I did well on keeping time and staying within 10 but also not being too short. I also had a good balance, time wise, between the extracts. The main thing to work on is my analysis of the different elements as my literary extract was analysed better than my non-literary- this was mainly due to not being that focused on this practice as it wasn’t anything like what I would be doing in my final. I think overall I did okay for my practice, my grade wasn’t the best but I know I can improve for my final.